Authors

Akeel Aya , Anisimova Liudmila V.
Principles of privacy and safety in the design of Syrian orphanages

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №4 (92) December, 2025

The analysis of existing orphanages in the city of Aleppo revealed the predominant use of an institutional model in the formation of the architectural volume, which contributes to the isolation of the child from the social community of the city, does not develop proper social behavior in children, and leads to their unpreparedness for independent living. The architecture of existing institutions requires a revision of the typological structure and functional zoning. As a result of an analytical study of modern positive practices in the construction and operation of orphanages around the world, the authors have identified methods of organizing architectural space that form in the child an understanding of personal individual distance, social group distance, and behavior in collective space. Architectural and planning methods for creating transitional spaces have been identified, allowing the child to adapt more easily to the collective and to understand social boundaries within the group while maintaining individuality. The study reveals important techniques in the spatial organization of orphanage buildings — from the separation of day and night zones by levels, the division of spaces by gender, to the balanced ratio of private and collective premises, contributing both to the protection of personal space and to social integration. The techniques and principles of designing the architectural space of an orphanage, focused on the development of a sense of empathy in the child's psyche, as well as the creation of a safe and humane environment for raising orphans in the Arab world, are derived.

Akeel Aya
Versatility in the design of orphanages: analysis of the history of European models

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №1 (89) March, 2024

The article examines the problem of designing orphanages in the context of modern challenges such as military conflicts, economic crises and natural disasters in many countries of the world. Special attention is paid to the analysis of European models demonstrating the uniqueness of pedagogical approaches to the upbringing of orphans and the influence of such approaches on the formation of an adult's personality. The importance of integrating residential, educational and recreational areas to create an environment conducive to early social adaptation of children is emphasized. A new interpretation of multifunctionality and rational planning in the architecture of buildings, division of spaces by age and gender, as well as the division into day and night zones depending on the amount of incoming sunlight, allows us to solve the problem of the physical health of a small person left without parental care. However, considering that children are a key resource and the basis a country’s progress, orphanages face an important educational challenge of preserving cultural identity in a young person's self-awareness. In modern conditions, ensuring the social protection of children is becoming a fundamental task for the development of a civilized society and a sustainable state.

Anisimova Liudmila V., Akeel Aya
The philosophy of identity in the architecture of shopping centers in Syria

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №1 (81) March, 2023

The article examines the spatial structure and adaptability of the architecture of the ancient oriental bazaars of Syria. The method of historical-genetic analysis was applied to the architecture of Aleppo’s historical market and helped identify stable elements in the system that have allowed the stability of the object to be maintained over several centuries. The spatial conjugation and functional contents, their interrelations, and alternation of functions have been revealed. The use of modern construction technologies in the construction of shopping and entertainment centers in combination with knowledge on the preservation of identity conveying signs will enable an innovative product to be created capable of sustainable development in today's dynamic world. This is especially true in the context of the crisis, instability and uncertainty plaguing the 21st century. A new interpretation of the identity and cultural continuity demonstrating the principles of sustainable development for centuries will help solve the problem of the need for shopping malls in Syria.