Davydov Vadim A.
STUDY OF DANGEROUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES LEADING TO DAMAGE TO URBAN BUILDINGS
Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №2 (42) June, 2013
The potentially dangerous factors influencing buildings are the exogenic physical geology phenomena and processes (karst, erosion, fracturing, etc.). These may be studied with the help of geophysical methods. The article describes practical examples and results of geophysical inspection of damaged projects in Berezovsky, Sverdlovsk region. The objectives of the study involved the underlying rock condition and the character of the covering soil, as well as possible causes of exogenic changes that have led to damage to city buildings. The principal research methods included combined low-depth seismic surveying, vertical electrical sounding, and gravimetry.
Inspection of a subsidence near a road by geophysical methods revealed abandoned mine workings of the Soimanovskaya dike. However, the principal cause of the hole was the washout in the loose sediments resulting from suffusion processes.
Geophysical inspection carried out to identify the cause of the cracks in the facade of a 9-storey block of flats did not confirm the presence of underground workings under its foundation. However, a tectonic contact between rocks of different structure, characterised by loose sediments of varying thickness, were found out. The cause of the cracks is likely to be the physical mechanical properties of the rocks on the different sides of the contact, leading to settlement phenomena.
The findings of the study suggest a conclusion he geophysical surveys are highly effective when studying dangerous geological processes in built up territories.
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