Authors

Panfilova Liliya S., Pavlyuk Alena S.
The evolution of planetarium architecture

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №3 (95) September, 2026

This article explores the evolution of planetarium functionality in Russia and abroad, following their development from highly specialized spaces to multifunctional scientific complexes. Initially, planetariums were small domed halls with optical-mechanical projectors—intimate spaces focused on the study of astronomy.
With the advent of new technologies and social advances, planetarium functionality has undergone radical changes. Technological advances have allowed planetariums to expand beyond simple lectures. Various full-dome programs and interactive exhibitions have emerged, helping to attract more visitors. Thus, planetariums are becoming centers of attraction, offering not only scientific programs but also a variety of interactive exhibitions, shows, musical performances, various installations, educational classes, and a variety of other entertainment options.

Litvinova Ekaterina N., Pavlyuk Alena S.
Principles of forming educational classes for ASD children (based on DSM-5)

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №2 (94) June, 2026

Educational spaces for children with ASD are reviewed. This issue is currently relevant considering the data of the Ministry of Health showing growth of the number of young people with diagnosed ASD and lack of necessary spaces. The goal is to develop a typology of educational classes based on the required level of support according to the DSM-5 and the possibility of transferring this typology to other classifiers. The research hypothesis suggests the importance of translating psychological and pedagogical sciences into architectural plans based on the free-plan principle (frame system). The methodological basis of the work is theoretical analysis (of psychological concepts) and empirical methods (historical and archival analysis, comparative analysis of domestic and foreign projects). The study identifies three typologies of educational classes. It is concluded that flexible planning and upgrading of the space to meet modern requirements and updated classifications render this typology relevant and economically efficient in the longer term.