Authors

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N.
Conceptual thinking for a conceptual project

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №3 (87) September 2024

The authors continue to develop and delve deeper into their ideas on conceptual design. Previously we examined the role and significance of a conceptual design within the framework of the antinomy "singular-universal" or, more specifically, "project - science". In this article, we discuss issues related to the development of conceptual thinking necessary for conceptual design. It is demonstrated that conceptual design takes place on the basis of ideal models of objects or design techniques called constructs. The success of conceptual design depends on the ability to apply constructs (the "ownership" component in the competence approach). To successfully apply constructs, it is important to limit their possible number. This requires the conceptualization of the subject area. Practical techniques for conceptualizing the subject area and subsequent conceptual design are demonstrated.

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N.
Conceptual design in a master degree course

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №2 (86) June, 2024

The article discusses a methodology of conceptual design intended for students Architectural and Landscape Design students. The methodology combines analysis of interactions between design and research, which are opposite in many ways. Conceptual design is a connecting link between them. On the one hand, conceptual design is free from some limitations inherent in regulated design practice. On the other hand, conceptual design becomes a research hypothesis that requires proof. This point of view has been verified in the Master degree course.

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N., Musaev Timur I.
A comprehensive study of the city's green infrastructure. The case of Yekaterinburg

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №4 (84) December, 2023

The subject of the study is green city infrastructure. The content of the concept ‘green infrastructure’ is expounded, and the reasons why the term ‘green infrastructure’ is now mostly used. Special attention is paid to the structural properties of the green infrastructure, in particular to the main element that ensures its sustainability - the green framework.
As a case in point, we considered the condition of the green infrastructure framework in the city of Ekaterinburg. Issues around the green infrastructure framework were identified and described regarding its structural properties. Long-term risks arising from the mismatch between the structural properties of the green infrastructure framework and the needs of city development are assessed.
The novelty of the study lies in the fact that we used not only the traditional methods such as mapping, graphical analytic technique, and photo surveying, but also new modern approaches such as geo-referenced data, multispectral space images from which different indices are calculated, in particular combinations of images in different channels. The article shows how different indices can be applied and used to analyze green infrastructure. It is concluded that in a number of cases it is the use of geo-referenced data that allows obtaining unique information about the condition of the green infrastructure and the causes of long-term changes occurring in it. All the identified regularities are used to evaluate the design decisions laid down in the general plan of the city to forecast risks and create recommendations that contribute to the sustainable development of green infrastructure.

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N.
THE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF EKATERINBURG. CURRENT STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №4 (80) December, 2022

The article considers issues in the development of the green infrastructure of Ekaterinburg, a large growing city. The green infrastructure is reviewed using the urban environment quality index, remote sensing data, and predictive methods. The conclusion is that Ekaterinburg does not have a well-formed green infrastructure: there are no pronounced cores and connections. An analysis of the Master Plan in relation to the development of the green infrastructure demonstrates that the green spaces lack linear elements, while the implementation of the concept that is being promoted by the city administration will exacerbate the problems associated with the city’s microclimate and available water resources.

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N.
THE WATER AND PLANTING INFRASTRUCTURE FRAMEWORK OF YEKATERINBURG: PAST, PROBLEMS, AND FUTURE

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №2 (78) June, 2022

The study explores the water and planting infrastructure framework of Yekaterinburg. Currently, this framework of Yekaterinburg is degrading due, first of all, to the utilitarian approach to the place and role of the river in the city historically established in the course of evolution of this Ural plant town. As a result, the Iset River as the main element of the water and planting infrastructure framework lost its most important function of communication due to the multiple barriers preventing access to water, circulation routes in the transverse direction relative to the river, and super-dense development in the river area. All these factors hinder the development of a modern water and planting infrastructure framework.
The study reviews landscape and urban planning experiences in the construction of water and planting infrastructures and identifies requirements for developing a water and planting infrastructure framework and its role in urban development. We have also reviewed the modern-day concepts of water-and-planting infrastructure framework development proposed by the architectural community and the authorities. These are shown not to meet modern requirements for water-and-planting infrastructure frameworks. The authors propose their own system of requirements and demonstrate that the key element for the water-and-planting framework is the concept of riverine area, which should be delineated spatially and given a legal definition to ensure its status of protected area.

Gushchin Alexander N., Divakova Marina N., Sanok Sergey I.
«ILLUSION OF MANAGEMENT» IN THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №4 (64) December, 2018

The main trends of recent years in the field of urban management and their reflection in municipal strategies are considered. In total, three global trends are considered: the restructuring of the settlement system, the restructuring of the urban planning system, the aging of the population in cities. Analysis covers the municipal strategies of three million-population cities: Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Novosibirsk. It is shown that none of the global trends is fully taken into account in any of these strategies. As a result, instead of effective management there is an «illusion of management» of urban development. According to the authors, there are two main reasons for this state of affairs: excessive bureaucratization of the process of strategy development and adoption, and the psychological effect of fear of the future ors futurophobia.

Guschin Feodor A., Gushchin Alexander N., Sanok Sergey I.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INTENSITY OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF LAND USE AND DEVELOPMENT RULES

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №4 (40) December, 2012

The currently widespread model used for describing the development of town-planning systems as «frame and fabric» was proposed by A.E.Gutnov as an alternative to the functional approach to describing the development of a territory. In developing his model A.Gutnov aimed to go over from functional description to description of the intensity of processes occurring in a territory. A. Gutnov suggested using the structural and functional potential of a territory, proceeding from which later on he came to the widely known model of «frame and fabric».

The article considers new possibilities for describing the intensity of processes that occur in a territory by means of Land Use and Development Rules. The method is based on the assumption that the number of types of permitted use for any single town-planning zone is just the reflection of the intensity with which this territory is developed and used. A convenient graphic way of displaying the intensity of development is provided by use-intensity maps, which, in turn, are based on histograms for the number of types of permitted use obtained as a result of covering all of the territory by a rectangular grid and counting the number of types of permitted use for urban planning zones falling within specific grid cells.

Analysis has been carried out and intensity maps have been drawn up for 8 cities of Russia. It is shown that the obtained data correspond to a description of the town-planning system on the basis of the «frame and fabric» model.

Stepanova Darya M., Gushchin Alexander N.
DESIGN OF A CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGHTSEEING TOUR BY THE OPTIMIZATION METHOD

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №3 (31) September, 2010

The task of designing of sightseeing routes in historical building contexts is a standard task for tourist business. The specific feature of the author's approach to this task is its formulation as an optimization problem that requires one to find a route of limited (or minimum) length whilst allowing one to see a maximum number of monuments. An original algorithm has been for tackling this problem, which is solved using a real example which can be used as learning material.

Yelfimova Alena A., Gushchin Alexander N.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF THE EFFICIENCY OF A SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL PROJECT WITH REFERENCE TO RURAL SETTLEMENTS

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №1 (29) March, 2010

The article provides a feasibility estimate and environmental conclusion concerning the efficiency of a site for the recycling of solid household wastes with reference to rural settlements. This environmental and economic appraisal is interesting from both theoretical and practical aspects. Using the environmental and economic appraisal of the disposal site one can judge about the share of the public good that is lost if nature is used improperly. In practical terms, environmental and economic appraisals could be used as a justification for allocation of funds for the construction of such projects. The work makes use of the Danilov-Danilyan method of appraisal of preventable environmental damage. A conclusion of high efficiency of investment is drawn: preventable damage is estimated at approximately 44 roubles per 1 rouble invested.

Gushchin Alexander N., Saltykova Liudmila S.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SOLUTION OF ISSUES IN PRE-SALE PREPARATION OF DOCUMENTATION FOR A PLOT OF LAND AREA

Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education №2 (26) June, 2009

The article considers the process of pre-sale preparation of documentation for land. It is noted that this process requires a lot of routine calculations to take into account numerous Building Code rules. The authors show the advantages resulting from the use of information technologies in this process. for writing up this article, use was made of a systems approach to information technologies - from design to implementation of programs for performing calculations and optimization of building characteristics.